What is the significance of ultrasound

No birth defects were found, though not all birth defects will show up on an ultrasound. If your pregnancy ultrasound results were not normal, it may mean : The baby is not growing at a normal rate. You have too much or too little amniotic fluid. The baby is growing outside the uterus. This is called an ectopic pregnancy. This could make delivery more difficult. Your baby has a birth defect.

If you have questions about your results, talk to your health care provider. Washington D. Ultrasound Exams; Jun [cited Jan 20]; [about 3 screens]. Ultrasound: Sonogram; [updated Nov 3; cited Jan 20]; [about 2 screens]. Cleveland OH : Cleveland Clinic; c Your Ultrasound Test: Overview; [cited Jan 20]; [about 3 screens]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; c— Fetal Ultrasound: Overview; Jan 3 [cited Jan 20]; [about 3 screens].

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Gainesville FL : University of Florida; c Amniotic fluid: Overview; [updated Jan 20; cited Jan 20]; [about 2 screens].

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The use of ultrasound is gradually widening in scope but has to be performed by the expert to improve the diagnostic accuracy and also to avoid misleading diagnoses. Since there is significant correlation between clinical and ultrasound based diagnosis, it can be beneficial even for young doctors for making effective diagnosis of MSD.

Managed by Tribhuvan University Central Library. Downloads Download data is not yet available. Downloads PDF. What are the benefits vs. What are the limitations of General Ultrasound Imaging? A Doppler ultrasound study may be part of an ultrasound examination. There are three types of Doppler ultrasound: Color Doppler uses a computer to convert Doppler measurements into an array of colors to show the speed and direction of blood flow through a blood vessel.

Power Doppler is a newer technique that is more sensitive than color Doppler and capable of providing greater detail of blood flow, especially when blood flow is little or minimal. Power Doppler, however, does not help the radiologist determine the direction of blood flow, which may be important in some situations.

Spectral Doppler displays blood flow measurements graphically, in terms of the distance traveled per unit of time, rather than as a color picture. It can also convert blood flow information into a distinctive sound that can be heard with every heartbeat. Doctors use ultrasound to evaluate : pain swelling infection Ultrasound is a useful way of examining many of the body's internal organs, including but not limited to the: heart and blood vessels, including the abdominal aorta and its major branches liver gallbladder spleen pancreas kidneys bladder uterus , ovaries , and unborn child fetus in pregnant patients eyes thyroid and parathyroid glands scrotum testicles brain in infants hips in infants spine in infants Ultrasound is also used to: guide procedures such as needle biopsies , in which needles remove cells from an abnormal area for laboratory testing.

Ultrasound of the heart is commonly called an "echocardiogram" or "echo" for short. Doppler ultrasound helps the doctor to see and evaluate: blockages to blood flow such as clots narrowing of vessels tumors and congenital vascular malformations reduced or absent blood flow to various organs, such as the testes or ovary increased blood flow, which may be a sign of infection With knowledge about the speed and volume of blood flow gained from a Doppler ultrasound image, the doctor can often determine whether a patient is a good candidate for a procedure like angioplasty.

You may need to change into a gown for the procedure. Doctors perform Doppler sonography with the same transducer. These exams include: Transesophageal echocardiogram. The doctor inserts the probe into the esophagus to obtain images of the heart. Transrectal ultrasound. The doctor inserts the probe into a man's rectum to view the prostate. Transvaginal ultrasound. The doctor inserts the probe into a woman's vagina to view the uterus and ovaries. Most ultrasound exams are painless, fast, and easily tolerated.

Ultrasound exams that insert the transducer into a body cavity may produce minimal discomfort. Most ultrasound exams take about 30 minutes. More extensive exams may take up to an hour. After an ultrasound exam, you should be able to resume your normal activities immediately.

Benefits Most ultrasound scanning is noninvasive no needles or injections. Occasionally, an ultrasound exam may be temporarily uncomfortable, but it should not be painful. Ultrasound is widely available, easy to use, and less expensive than most other imaging methods. Ultrasound imaging is extremely safe and does not use radiation.

Ultrasound scanning gives a clear picture of soft tissues that do not show up well on x-ray images. Ultrasound is the preferred imaging modality for the diagnosis and monitoring of pregnant women and their unborn babies. Ultrasound provides real-time imaging. This makes it a good tool for guiding minimally invasive procedures such as needle biopsies and fluid aspiration. Risks Standard diagnostic ultrasound has no known harmful effects on humans.

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Providing a high quality screening service increases the couple autonomy regarding the prenatal decision. A large group of major congenital malformations are detectable using ultrasonography US in the first trimester FT. It would appear that some severe structural anomalies are not as hard to detect as formerly believed, and can be diagnosed at 12 to14 gestational weeks GW if practitioners are cognizant of their early sonographic appearance and structural or functional associated abnormalities.

The detailed study of early pregnancies with severe or complex structural abnormalities is important for early counseling and long term counseling for two main reasons. An efficient morphological ultrasound can detect fetal abnormalities early in the pregnancy so that the termination of pregnancy is safer with diminished economical and emotional costs both for the medical system and also for the couple. Second, the detailed exploration of the affected fetuses and the diagnostic of all malformations can have an important role in the prenatal advice of future pregnancies.

Two-dimensional gray-scale US has been shown to be an effective tool for imaging the normally developing FT fetus, and may have more to offer than does within the traditional checklist. Color Doppler is a valuable tool for early heart investigation of anatomy and functional parameters.

Using these techniques we can objectively present to the parents the features of some malformations which allow for a better understanding of the pathologic condition and makes it easy for the couple to decide or not in favor of termination. The first trimester detailed morphological ultrasound can detect genetic and structural abnormalities undetectable when using the usual basic examination protocol.

The increased detection of different abnormalities implies additional time to the standard examination, a great number of specialists in early prenatal diagnosis and a high technology equipment of the diagnostic centers necessary for a detailed investigation protocol of scanning in the first trimester. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Curr Health Sci J. Dragusin , 1 M. Florea , 1 D. Cernea 1. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer.

Received Jan 6; Accepted Jan This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract We describe a series of cases where modern ultrasound US techniques diagnosed major structural abnormalities of the fetus in the first trimester FT , unapparent when using the basic protocol of US investigation.

Introduction US diagnosis represents a huge impact on obstetrical practice and perinatal medicine because it offers important information regarding the morphological and physiological development of the fetus 1.

Method The early fetal evaluation aimed to assess the genetic and morphologic parameters suitable for evaluation at the respective gestational age using a detailed sonographic protocol.